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1. Analyze the major classes of antibiotics and their pharmacokinetic characteristics.
2. Apply current evidenced-based approaches to select appropriate treatment regimens for common infections encountered in clinical practice.
3. Point out the different types of bacterial etiology and mechanisms of resistance.
4. Evaluate empiric dosing of antimicrobials.
5. Communicate important interactions between antimicrobials and other drugs.
6. Plan goals of therapy and parameters for monitoring therapeutic response to antimicrobials.
7. Recommend specific antimicrobial therapeutic drug monitoring to maximize efficacy and minimize toxicities (e.g., vancomycin and aminoglycosides).
8. Develop preventative strategies to limit antimicrobial resistance.
9. Design patient and caregiver education on the proper use of antimicrobials.
10. Breakdown local and global ecological factors affecting promotion of viral infection emergence.
11. Plan for vaccines that are currently recommended for routine administration.

Antimicrobials

• Drug classes
• Pharmacokinetic Properties
  • Concentration-dependent killing
  • Time-dependent killing
  • Post-antibiotic effect
• Common interactions with other drugs

Antibacterial Allergies – Sulfa and Penicillin

• Define true allergy
• Sulfonamide antibiotics vs non-antibiotics
• Penicillin – Cephalosporin cross-sensitivity

Bacteria

• Differentiation
• Normal flora
• Common pathogens

Antibacterial Resistance–Contributing Factors

• Trends
• Mechanisms of resistance
• Contributing factors

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus - Community versus Hospital Acquired

• Differentiating between CA- and HA-MRSA
• Current clinical practice guidelines
• Pharmacologic management

Enterobacteriaceae Resistance

• Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)
  • What are ESBLs
  • Pharmacologic management
• Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)
  • What are CREs
  • Pharmacologic management

Urinary Tract Infections

• Bacterial Etiology, Signs and Symptoms and Diagnosis
• Cystitis and pyelonephritis
• Complicated and uncomplicated
• UTIs in pregnancy
• Treatment (IDSA Guideline Treatment Algorithm)
  • Acute
  • Recurrent and relapse

Clostridium Difficile Infection

• Risk factors
• Pharmacology management
• Fecal Transplantation
• Probiotics literature review

Community–Acquired Pneumonia

• Bacterial etiology
• Diagnosis
• Typical vs. atypical
• Treatment (IDSA/ATS Guidelines) and monitoring
  • Outpatient vs. inpatient
  • Empiric treatment

Healthcare–Associated Pneumonia

• Bacterial etiology
• Treatment (IDSA/ATS Guidelines)
• Treatment Controversy

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

• Sinusitis and pharyngitis
  • Etiology (Viral vs. Bacterial)
  • Treatment
• Bronchitis and Pertussis
  • Etiology (Viral vs. Bacterial)
  • Treatment

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

• Cellulitis
• Diabetic foot infections
• Bacterial etiology
  • Signs & symptoms
  • Treatment (IDSA Guidelines)
• Osteomyelitis
  • Acute vs. Chronic
  • Oral considerations

Strategies to Improve Patient Adherence

• IMS Model (Information-Motivation-Strategy)
• Major predictors of poor adherence to medication

Antibacterial Resistance–Prevention Strategies

• Mechanisms for drug resistance
• 12 steps to prevent antimicrobial resistance (CDC)
• Antibiotic stewardship

Emerging and Reemerging Viral Infections

• Animals as sources
• Drivers and ecological factors
• Modes of transmission
• Pharmacology management

Influenza

• Clinical features
• Diagnosis
• Pharmacology management

Immunizations (Adult)

• Types of Vaccines
• General recommendations
• Contraindications & precautions

Dr. Eric Wombwell is a board-certified infectious diseases pharmacist and clinical associate professor for the Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administration at the University of Missouri – Kansas City, School of Pharmacy. Eric completed his PharmD degree at the University of Missouri Kansas City, followed by an ASHP accredited pharmacy practice residency at the Kansas City VA Medical Center. Following residency, he accepted a full-time non-tenured clinical faculty position at the University of Missouri – Kansas City, School of Pharmacy. His teaching responsibilities include infectious diseases topics throughout the curriculum. Eric also has a clinical appointment at Centerpoint Medical Center rounding with the infectious diseases consult team and supporting antimicrobial stewardship efforts at the facility.

Eric is regularly published in pharmacy and infectious diseases research and is frequently invited to deliver continuing education presentations locally and nationally to various health-professional audiences. He is recognized for excellence in teaching through various awards, including the "Missouri Pharmacist Association – UMKC Faculty Member of the Year", and the "University of Missouri – Kansas City Provost’s Award for Excellence in Teaching". Speaker Disclosures:
Financial: Eric Wombwell has an employment relationship with the University of Missouri. He receives a speaking honorarium, recording royalties, and a consulting fee from PESI, Inc. He has no relevant financial relationships with ineligible organizations.
Non-financial: Eric Wombwell is a member of the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists, the Missouri Pharmacists Association, American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, Infectious Diseases Society of America, and Centerpoint Medical Center.

Save time and $10 off the price of other submission methods – purchase & take the CE test online for $9.99 USD per participant. Additional processing fees apply for other submission methods (i.e. mail, fax, etc.). Please contact our Customer Service at 1-800-844-8260 for more details.

Listed below are the continuing education credit(s) currently available for this non-interactive self-study package. Please note, your state licensing board dictates whether self study is an acceptable form of continuing education. Please refer to your state rules and regulations.

Certificates of Successful Completion are available for email, download and/or printing from your online account immediately following the successful completion of the post-test/evaluation.

**Materials that are included in this course may include interventions and modalities that are beyond the authorized practice of mental health professionals. As a licensed professional, you are responsible for reviewing the scope of practice, including activities that are defined in law as beyond the boundaries of practice in accordance with and in compliance with your professions standards.

All members of the PESI, Inc. planning committee have provided disclosures of financial relationships with ineligible organizations and any relevant non-financial relationships prior to planning content for this activity. None of the committee members had relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies or other potentially biasing relationships to disclose to learners. For speaker disclosures, please see the faculty biography.

California Nurses: PESI, Inc. is a provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider #:17118 for 6.0 self-study contact hours.

You will need to provide your license number to PESI. PESI must have this number on file in order for your hours to be valid.

Florida Nurses: PESI, Inc. is an approved provider by the Florida Board of Nursing. Provider #: FBN2858. These materials qualify for 6.0 self-study contact hours.

Iowa Nurses: PESI, Inc. is an approved provider by the Iowa Board of Nursing. Provider #: 346. Nurses successfully completing these self-study materials will earn 6.3 self-study contact hours.

Copies of the evaluation may be sent to the IBON. You will need to provide your license number to PESI. PESI must have this number on file in order for your hours to be valid.

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Other Professions
This self-study activity qualifies for 6.25 clock hours of instructional content as required by many national, state and local licensing boards and professional organizations. Retain your certificate of completion and contact your board or organization for specific filing requirements.

Disclaimer: **Information obtained in this course should be used within your scope of practice.
**It is your ethical responsibility to report accurate hours to your licensing board.
**All self-study participants must complete and pass (80% or better) a post-test and evaluation prior to receiving a certificate of completion. If you require a copy of the test/evaluation for CE purposes, please print at the time you take the test. Or you may call our customer service department and a copy of your test/evaluation will be emailed to you. Please allow 30-45 days.

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